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          <h1 class="post-title" itemprop="name headline">【第四章】一步一步学习SpringBoot2——集成Thymeleaf</h1>
        

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        <p>本文为《一步一步学习Spring Boot 2》的第四章的学习笔记，主要内容为SpringBoot集成Thymeleaf模板引擎、Rest Client插件使用</p>
<p>本书博客地址：<a href="https://blog.csdn.net/huangwenyi1010?t=1" target="_blank" rel="noopener">https://blog.csdn.net/huangwenyi1010?t=1</a></p>
<p>本文部分内容和图片引用自：<a href="https://blog.csdn.net/huangwenyi1010/article/details/82810147" target="_blank" rel="noopener">https://blog.csdn.net/huangwenyi1010/article/details/82810147</a></p>
<p>源代码地址：<a href="https://gitee.com/aiolos123/springboot-step-by-step" target="_blank" rel="noopener">https://gitee.com/aiolos123/springboot-step-by-step</a></p>
<a id="more"></a>
<h1 id="注意事项"><a href="#注意事项" class="headerlink" title="注意事项"></a>注意事项</h1><ol>
<li>Controller参数中的Model对象：它是一个接口，我们可以把数据库查询出来的数据设置到该类中，前端会从该对象获取数据。其实现类为ExtendedModelMap</li>
</ol>
<h1 id="Thymeleaf模板引擎简介"><a href="#Thymeleaf模板引擎简介" class="headerlink" title="Thymeleaf模板引擎简介"></a>Thymeleaf模板引擎简介</h1><blockquote>
<p>Thymeleaf是一个优秀的面向Java的XML/XHTML/HTML5页面模板，并具有丰富的标签语言和函数。<br>在使用Spring Boot框架进行页面设计，一般都会选择Thymeleaf模板。</p>
</blockquote>
<p>关于Thymeleaf表达式、标签、函数等更多内容，大家可以到官方网站<a href="http://www.thymeleaf.org/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">http://www.thymeleaf.org/</a> 参考学习。</p>
<h1 id="集成Thymeleaf模板引擎步骤"><a href="#集成Thymeleaf模板引擎步骤" class="headerlink" title="集成Thymeleaf模板引擎步骤"></a>集成Thymeleaf模板引擎步骤</h1><h2 id="引入Thymeleaf模板引擎"><a href="#引入Thymeleaf模板引擎" class="headerlink" title="引入Thymeleaf模板引擎"></a>引入Thymeleaf模板引擎</h2><figure class="highlight xml"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">dependency</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line">     <span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">groupId</span>&gt;</span>org.springframework.boot<span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="name">groupId</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line">     <span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">artifactId</span>&gt;</span>spring-boot-starter-thymeleaf<span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="name">artifactId</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="name">dependency</span>&gt;</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<h2 id="在application-properties文件中添加Thymeleaf配置"><a href="#在application-properties文件中添加Thymeleaf配置" class="headerlink" title="在application.properties文件中添加Thymeleaf配置"></a>在application.properties文件中添加Thymeleaf配置</h2><figure class="highlight stylus"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">#thymeleaf配置</span><br><span class="line">#模板的模式，支持如：HTML、XML、TEXT、JAVASCRIPT等</span><br><span class="line">spring<span class="selector-class">.thymeleaf</span><span class="selector-class">.mode</span>=HTML5</span><br><span class="line">#编码，可不用配置</span><br><span class="line">spring<span class="selector-class">.thymeleaf</span><span class="selector-class">.encoding</span>=UTF-<span class="number">8</span></span><br><span class="line">#内容类别，可不用配置</span><br><span class="line">spring<span class="selector-class">.thymeleaf</span><span class="selector-class">.content-type</span>=text/html</span><br><span class="line">#开发配置为false，避免修改模板还要重启服务器</span><br><span class="line">spring<span class="selector-class">.thymeleaf</span><span class="selector-class">.cache</span>=false</span><br><span class="line">#配置模板路径，默认就是templates，可不用配置</span><br><span class="line"><span class="selector-id">#spring</span><span class="selector-class">.thymeleaf</span><span class="selector-class">.prefix</span>=classpath:/templates/</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<p><strong>注意事项：Thymeleaf模板引擎默认会读取my-spring-boot项目下的资源文件夹resource下的templates目录，这个目录是用来存放HTML文件的。如果该目录不存在，请手动创建，否则启动应用时会报错</strong></p>
<h2 id="开发Controller"><a href="#开发Controller" class="headerlink" title="开发Controller"></a>开发Controller</h2><blockquote>
<p>Controller参数中的Model对象：它是一个接口，我们可以把数据库查询出来的数据设置到该类中，前端会从该对象获取数据。其实现类为ExtendedModelMap</p>
</blockquote>
<p>在controller包下开发控制层类AyUserController.java，同时把IAyUserService服务注入到控制层类当中。具体代码如下：</p>
<figure class="highlight kotlin"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="meta">@Controller</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">@RequestMapping(<span class="meta-string">"/ayUser"</span>)</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">public</span> <span class="class"><span class="keyword">class</span> <span class="title">AyUserController</span> </span>&#123;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="meta">@Resource</span></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="keyword">private</span> IAyUserService ayUserService;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="meta">@RequestMapping(<span class="meta-string">"/findAllUser"</span>)</span></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="keyword">public</span> String findAllUser(Model model) &#123;</span><br><span class="line">       <span class="comment">//查询数据库所有用户</span></span><br><span class="line">        List&lt;AyUser&gt; ayUser = ayUserService.findAll();</span><br><span class="line">        model.addAttribute(<span class="string">"users"</span>,ayUser);</span><br><span class="line">        <span class="keyword">return</span> <span class="string">"ayUser"</span>;</span><br><span class="line">    &#125;</span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<p><img src="/blog/images/20190718154441987.jpg" alt="开发Controller"></p>
<h2 id="开发Thymeleaf模板页面"><a href="#开发Thymeleaf模板页面" class="headerlink" title="开发Thymeleaf模板页面"></a>开发Thymeleaf模板页面</h2><p>在/src/main/resources/templates目录下开发ayUser.html页面,具体代码如下：<br><img src="/blog/images/20190718154551195.jpg" alt="开发Thymeleaf模板页面"></p>
<pre><code>xmlns:th=&quot;http://www.thymeleaf.org&quot;&gt;是Thymeleaf命名空间，
通过引入该命名空间，就可以在HTML文件中使用Thymeleaf标签语言，用关键字“th”来标注。</code></pre><figure class="highlight dust"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="xml"><span class="meta">&lt;!DOCTYPE html&gt;</span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="xml"><span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">html</span> <span class="attr">lang</span>=<span class="string">"en"</span> <span class="attr">xmlns:th</span>=<span class="string">"http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"</span>&gt;</span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="xml"><span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">head</span>&gt;</span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="xml">    <span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">meta</span> <span class="attr">charset</span>=<span class="string">"UTF-8"</span>&gt;</span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="xml">    <span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">title</span>&gt;</span>所有用户<span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="name">title</span>&gt;</span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="xml"><span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="name">head</span>&gt;</span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="xml"><span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">body</span>&gt;</span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="xml">    <span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">table</span>&gt;</span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="xml">        <span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">tr</span>&gt;</span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="xml">            <span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">td</span>&gt;</span>用户名<span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="name">td</span>&gt;</span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="xml">            <span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">td</span>&gt;</span>密码<span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="name">td</span>&gt;</span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="xml">        <span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="name">tr</span>&gt;</span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="xml">        <span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">tr</span> <span class="attr">th:each</span>=<span class="string">"user:$</span></span></span><span class="template-variable">&#123;users&#125;</span><span class="xml"><span class="tag"><span class="string">"</span>&gt;</span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="xml">            <span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">td</span> <span class="attr">th:text</span>=<span class="string">"$</span></span></span><span class="template-variable">&#123;user.name&#125;</span><span class="xml"><span class="tag"><span class="string">"</span>&gt;</span><span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="name">td</span>&gt;</span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="xml">            <span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">td</span> <span class="attr">th:text</span>=<span class="string">"$</span></span></span><span class="template-variable">&#123;user.password&#125;</span><span class="xml"><span class="tag"><span class="string">"</span>&gt;</span><span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="name">td</span>&gt;</span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="xml">        <span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="name">tr</span>&gt;</span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="xml">    <span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="name">table</span>&gt;</span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="xml"><span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="name">body</span>&gt;</span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="xml"><span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="name">html</span>&gt;</span></span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<h2 id="测试Thymeleaf页面"><a href="#测试Thymeleaf页面" class="headerlink" title="测试Thymeleaf页面"></a>测试Thymeleaf页面</h2><p>开发完控制层类和前端HTML页面后，重新运行入口类MySpringBootApplication的main方法。然后在浏览器中访问<br><a href="http://localhost:8080/ayUser/findAllUser，" target="_blank" rel="noopener">http://localhost:8080/ayUser/findAllUser，</a><br>出现如下图所示的页面，说明Spring Boot集成Thymeleaf成功，同时也说明我们开发的前端页面没有问题。<br><img src="/blog/images/20190718154656420.jpg" alt="测试Thymeleaf页面"></p>
<h1 id="Rest-Client插件使用"><a href="#Rest-Client插件使用" class="headerlink" title="Rest Client插件使用"></a>Rest Client插件使用</h1><blockquote>
<p>Rest Client是一个用于测试RESTful Web Service的Java客户端。</p>
</blockquote>
<ol>
<li>Intellij IDEA 软件已经集成该插件，方便我们进行调试。我们可以在Intellij IDEA功能菜单中可以选择【Tools】→【Test RESTful web service】来打开插件。</li>
<li>在Rest Client界面中，HTTP method选择Get方式，Host/port：填入<a href="http://localhost:8080，" target="_blank" rel="noopener">http://localhost:8080，</a><br>Path：填入ayUser/findAllUser。然后点击run按钮运行之后，当我们看到如下图所示的Response响应界面时，说明代码执行成功。<br><img src="/blog/images/20190718154801391.jpg" alt="Rest Client插件使用"></li>
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